1) What is Cloud Computing? (Simple Definition)

Cloud computing means using Internet-based services to get servers, storage, databases, networking, and software on rent, instead of buying and maintaining them yourself.

One-line memory: “Use IT resources over the Internet — pay for what you use.”

2) Key Features (Must-write points)

• On-demand self service: Resources available whenever needed.
• Broad network access: Accessible from anywhere via Internet.
• Resource pooling: Shared infrastructure serves many users.
• Scalability / Elasticity: Scale up or down quickly.
• Measured service: Pay-as-you-go billing.
• Managed updates & backups: Provider handles maintenance.

3) Applications of Cloud Computing (with examples)

1. Data storage & backup: Google Drive, OneDrive, Dropbox.
2. Software as a Service (SaaS): Gmail, Office 365, Google Docs, Zoom.
3. Education & LMS: Online classes, recorded lectures, assignment portals.
4. Entertainment / Streaming: Video & music platforms deliver content globally.
5. Business apps (ERP/CRM): Sales, inventory, and customer management.
6. Healthcare: E-records, telemedicine, medical image storage.
7. Banking & e-Gov: Online banking, tax/GST portals, digital ID services.
8. Development & Testing: On-demand servers for building/testing apps.
9. AI/Analytics: Big-data processing and model training on scalable clusters.
10. Gaming: Cloud gaming without high-end hardware.

4) Advantages (Write any 4–5)

• Lower cost: No big upfront hardware purchase.
• Anywhere access: Use services from any device.
• Scalable: Add/remove resources quickly.
• Reliability: Built-in backup and disaster recovery.
• Faster deployment: Launch apps in minutes.

5) Disadvantages (Write any 3–4)

• Internet dependency: No Internet = limited access.
• Security & privacy concerns: Data hosted by third party.
• Downtime risk: Provider outages affect users.
• Limited control: Less control over underlying hardware.
• Vendor lock-in: Hard to switch providers sometimes.